1 (Afro-American. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. William Grant Still Jr. (May 11, 1895 - December 3, 1978) was an American composer of nearly two hundred works, including five symphonies, four ballets, nine operas, over thirty choral works, plus art songs, chamber music and works for solo instruments. His mother, Carrie Lena Fambro, and his father, William Grant Still Sr, were both teachers. He also learned to play various instruments. His private studies in composition were with George Whitefield Chadwick in Boston and Edgard Varse in New York. However, as an art that draws from a primarily western European tradition, celebrating diversity is also one of classical musics greatest challenges to overcome. Ba11et : La Guiablesse (1927); Sahdji (1930); Lennox Avenue (1937); Miss Sallys Party (1940). : No. In the year 1955, William Grant Still Jr. conducted the New Orleans Philharmonic Orchestra. When he was three months old, William Jr., lost his father. Encyclopedia.com. Jazz also influenced classical composers in Europe, including Erik Satie and Igor Stravinsky. [16] With Henderson, he joined Henry Pace's Pace Phonograph Company (Black Swan). "Still, William Grant 1, "Afro-American" William Grant Still At-A-Glance Composed: 1930; 1969 Orchestration: flutes (3 = piccolo), 2 oboes, English horn, 2 clarinets, bass clarinet, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, percussion (bells, bass drum, snare drum, cymbals, gong, triangle, vibraphone), harp, celesta, banjo, & strings by some critics, Philadelphia Orchestra conductor Leopold Stokowski called him one of Americas greatest composers. William Grant Still was born on 11 May in 1895. His Symphony No. There were several firsts in William Grant Stills career. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. Her second husband upheld the cultured atmosphere and took Still to classical vocal concerts. Why was he buried in a ship? 2, 1975, pp. He first studied composition at Oberlin Conservatory of Music in Oberlin, Ohio, then under the conservative George Whitefield Chadwick at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, and later under Edgard Varse during the latters most radical avant-garde period. We will write a custom essay on Music Appreciation Final Exam (57) specifically for you. Encyclopedia.com. Even today, black composers remain on the outskirts of the classical music establishment. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). . What genre is a clear influence on the composition of Stills Suite for Violin and Piano? D. radio and musical theater. Who was the first black woman to compose a symphony? The musical background of William Grant Still. Determined to develop a symphonic type of Negro music, he wrote an Afro-American Symphony (1930). His ballets include Sadhji (1930), Lenox Avenue (1937), and La Guiablesse (1927). American classical composers seeking a way to write music that was distinctly American took advantage of the new idiom of jazz as inspiration, including George Gershwin, Marc Blitzstein, and Leonard Bernstein. Why you need ballad jazz music in your life The history of ballad jazz, Read More Ballad Jazz Music: What It Is and Why You Need ItContinue. ." Your browser is not using Javascript. As Johann Strauss is to the waltz and John Philip Sousa is to the march, so is Scott Joplin to ragtime: its guru, chi, William Harvey and the Discovery of the Human Circulatory System, William Herschel and the Discovery of the Planet Uranus, William Howard Taft National Historic Site, http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sgo/exhibit/captions/caption1.html, https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/still-william-grant-1895-1978, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/william-grant-still, https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/still-william-grant-0, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/still-william-grant, https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/still-william-grant. Prolific and influential, many call William Grant Still the "Dean of African American composers" and it's not hard to see why. The fourth movement opens with a poignant melody showcasing some of Stills most beautiful orchestral writing. Encyclopedia.com. He was valedictorian. Bakers Biographical Dictionary of Musicians, Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History, Kay, Ulysses 19171995 He participated actively in the musical world, playing jazz and directing the Black Swan Phonograph Company. 23 Feb. 2023 . Still was twice married and fathered six children. In 1939 he married, settling in Los Angeles. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1984. Why is A Black Pierrot regarded as a complete work? While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. emeritus, Bakers Biographical Dictionary of American Music, centennial ed., Schirmer, 2001. Also of note is Stills unusual instrumental timbres. If you like operas and orchestras, you should visit it. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/william-grant-still, "William Grant Still Since the 1920s, the blues has helped shape jazz, country music, androcknroll, and many other popular musical genres. Over the years he developed an eloquent musical expressiveness in his works. VOCAL : Plain Chant for Americans for Baritone and Orch. ORCH . During his fourteen years in the Underground Railroad, he assisted almost 800 former slaves in escaping. She collaborated with him on his music. (N.Y., Oct. 23, 1941); Caribbean Melodies for Chorus, Piano, and Percussion (1941); Wailing Woman for Soprano and Chorus (1946); many songs. Bakers Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. As the composer noted, "I knew I wanted to write a symphony; I knew that it had to be an American work; and I wanted to demonstrate how the blues, so often considered a lowly expression, could be elevated to the highest musical level." Nicolas Slonimsky/Laura Kuhn/Dennis McIntire. 1, Afro-American Symphony (1930; Rochester, N.Y., Oct. 29, 1931), No. In 1971, he received an honorary doctorate in music from the University of Arkansas. [10]:6,12, Still started violin lessons in Little Rock at the age of 15. It was titled, "Sons of a City.He also recorded it. (February 23, 2023). He also arranged music scores for films such as Pennies from Heaven, Lost Horizon, Stormy Weather. This page was last edited on 14 February 2023, at 15:10. He married the writer Verna Arvey, who collaborated with him as librettist in his stage works. When he composed his Suite for Violin and Piano in 1943, he was inspired by three sculptures: Richmond Barths African Dancer, Sargent Johnsons Mother and Child, and Augusta Savages Gamin. ." Still is known primarily for his first symphony, Afro-American Symphony (1930),[5] which was, until 1950, the most widely performed symphony composed by an American. Corrections? Also, while in college he started to compose and do orchestras. "William Grant Still Still was associated in the music industry with W. C. Handy, Harry Pace and his Black Swan Phonograph Company, the Deep River Hour on CBS Radio, and Columbia Pictures. RAPIDPASS is an on-road emissions test . The diversity of Stills musical education was extended when, in the 1920s, he worked as an arranger for the bandleader Paul Whiteman and for the blues composer W.C. [1]:5 William Grant StillSr. died when his infant son was three months old. Bakers Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. Bringing together a lifetime of musical experiences, it has earned a place in the canon of the Western classical music tradition not in spite of, but because of its daring and creative integration of African American and European idioms. The first movement, "African Dancer," was characterized by its rhythmic intensity, ending in a demonic and virtuoso thrill for the captivated audience. //]]>. Music: History, Composers, and Performers: Biographies. Encyclopedia.com. On Thursday, February 1st, All Classical will be featuring this work alongside some of the other greatest works by African-American composers. William Grant Still. Still was brought up by his mother and grandmother in Little Rock, Arkansas, and studied medicine at Wilberforce University, Ohio, before turning to music. William Grant Still was born in Woodville, Mississippi on May 11th, ________, Still stated violin lessons at age ________, The first recital of his music was in _____________, He studied with many famous teachers at __________ College, His studies were interrupted when he enlisted in the ____________, Still moved to New York to work for ___________, The Harlem Renaissance began around the time of Still's arrival in New York CIty and into the _______________, __________________ Records was a lael owned by African Americans, The first performance of a classical work by Still took place on February 8th, _______________, "Darker America" won a publication prize at the ____________, Still's "Afro-American Symphony" is infused with ______ inspired melodic lines, William Grant Still died December 3rd, 1978 at the age of ___, Still moved to ___________ in 1934 and began writing music for televisions and movies, In 1936, Still conducted the ____________ in a performance of his own compostions at the Hollywood Bowl, WIlliam Grant Still was so successful during his lifetimme, that he was often referred to as the :Dean of African American _______, Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka. [4]:249[7]. Another "first" in Still's career occurred in 1949, when the New York City Opera Company presented his second opera, Troubled Island; this was the first time that a leading opera company produced a work by an African-American composer. High School M. W. Gibbs Conservatory of Music at Oberlin. Encyclopedia.com. In his music he occasionally made use of actual Negro folk songs, but mostly he invented his thematic materials. Example 1. cello cellos\underline{\text{\color{#c34632}cellos}}cellos. C. played the violin in the university stringquartet while a college student. People also ask, Where did William Grant Still study music? CD. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. . It was also the first symphony to use the banjo as part of the orchestra. In high school Still studied the violin, and at age 16, urged on by his mother, he enrolled at Wilberforce University as a pre-medical student. [7] It was the first time the complete score of a work by an African American was performed by a major orchestra. He died of a stroke in Los Angeles on December 3, 1978. Taylors. . Composer, pianist Again, he was the first African-American to conduct an orchestra in the Deep South. His father was bandmaster in Woodville; after his death when Still was in infancy, his mother moved the family to Little Rock, Ark., where she became a high school teacher. Along with these varied influences, Still was very much aware of the ideas of Harlem Renaissance thinkers who had begun to investigate the links between African and African-American culture. 3 (1945; discarded; new No. Encyclopedia.com. 3, no. 3, The Sunday Symphony; 1958), No. 172-173, National Association for American Composers and Conductors, Mississippi Institute of Arts and Letters, List of jazz-influenced classical compositions, "When Europe Offered Black Composers an Ear - Spurned by institutions in America, artists were sometimes given more opportunities across the Atlantic", "Comment - A Black Composer Finally Arrives at the Metropolitan Opera", "Historic-Cultural Monument (HCM) Report", "Biographical Sketch of William Grant Still", "A2Schools.org: PRI Co-Host Celeste Headlee, Conductor John McLaughlin Williams & Singer Daniel Washington in Ann Arbor Jan. 13", "Black History Spotlight: William Grant Still", "African American Composer William Grant Still is Born", "William Grant Still, African American Composer, Arranger & Oboist", "Hesitating Blues, The - W C Handy (arr. What were some of the significant contributions and achievements of composer William Grant Still? ." Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. [26], Still was known as the "Dean of Afro-American Composers". https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/still-william-grant-1895-1978, Manheim, James "Still, William Grant 18951978 According to the Duke University Library website, Stills Afro-American Symphony was, until 1950, the most popular of any symphony composed by an American. It touched off a period of sustained success for Still; works such as his orchestral suite The Deserted Plantation found performances at major venues (the Paul Whiteman Orchestra performed that work at the Metropolitan Opera House). William Grant Still This orchestral work is the first symphony composed by an African-American, as well as Read More Release Date 1931 View All Credits 1 This song is an instrumental Embed. Stills concern with the position of African Americans in U.S. society is reflected in many of his works, notably the Afro-American Symphony; the ballets Sahdji (1930), set in Africa and composed after extensive study of African music, and Lenox Avenue (1937); and the operas The Troubled Island (1938; produced 1949), with a libretto by Langston Hughes, and Highway No. With its dark timbres, the second is a clear expression of sadness. Then William Grant Still Jr. grew up. C. All possible answers. Symphony No. His mother, Carrie remarried Charles Shepperson. Still . The third movement, Animato (Humor), presents a pair themes and variations. Addresses. His mother, Carrie Lena Fambro Still, was a teacher. Contemporary Black Biography. One of the most prominent African American contributors to the history of classical music was William Grant Still (1895-1978), a leading figure in the Harlem Renaissance and known to his colleagues as the "Dean of Afro-American composers." It was a valuable, short source work but stopped at 1939. [14], He recorded with Fletcher Henderson's Dance Orchestra in 1921,[15]:85 and later played in the pit orchestra for Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake's musical, Shuffle Along[1]:4 and in other pit orchestras for Sophie Tucker, Artie Shaw, and Paul Whiteman. According to Judith Anne Still, the composer's daughter, "The three segments of the suite, Dark Horsemen, Summerland, and Radiant Pinnacle, tell the story of the human soul after death: the body expires, and the soul goes on to an . But Still continued to seek out teachers who could challenge him in the classical field. A. At the end of the war, he went back to his life. [7] In 1918 Still joined the United States Navy to serve in World War I. His first marriage was to Grace Bundy Still whom he married on October 4, 1915. He worked with him from 1919 through 1921. Still worked for Handy in Memphis for a time, toured with his band, and penned arrangements of the Handy standards St. 1 "Afro-American" (1930). Which describes Steve Reichs musical style? Still composed ten operas, including Highway 1, U.S.A. (1962), Troubled Island (1941), and A Bayou Legend (1941). She had four children with him. Where and when was William Grant Still born? The work later received hundreds of performances in the United States and abroad. His daughter Judith still oversees his company and helps with the collection. William Grant Still was a prolific opera composer. He started violin lessons at age 15. [16] Many of his works are believed to be lost. Cons. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. A few are listed here but not limited to what is shown: Guggenheim Fellowships in 1934, 1935 and 1938, Mississippi Institute of Art and Letter posthumously in 1982, Second William E. Harmon Award for Distinguished Achievement among Negro 1927-1928 and Rosenwald Fellowships in 1939 and 1940. (February 23, 2023). The blues are represented musically in William Grant Stills Suite for Violin and Piano. William Grant Still and Verna Arvey Papers, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Grant_Still&oldid=1139326089, African-American male classical composers, Articles with Encyclopdia Britannica links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, In 1949, he received a citation for Outstanding Service to American Music from the, In 1976, his home in Los Angeles was designated a. Sewell, George A., and Margaret L. Dwight (1984). Suite for Violin and Piano - William Grant Still (music starts at 3:57)African DancerMother and ChildGaminTeresa Ling, violinJeannette Fang, pianofilmed by Tracy Fisher, Edited by Jeannette FangIntro talk- Teresa Ling3:30pm - Zoom Musical Icebreaker for Backstage Pass holders get your backstage pass at: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/carving-out-sound-tickets-1344594969754pm - YouTube Premiere Post Concert Zoom Afterparty for Backstage Pass holders immediately after the performanceThank you to the Bath County Arts Association for being a sponsor of Garth Newel Music Center's Winter and Spring online eventsGarth Newel Music Center's programming is supported by the Bath County Arts Association, the Virginia Commission for Arts and National Endowment for the Arts All Classical Portland will be joining the celebration of Black History Month, featuring some of the best recordings of composers of African origin (American, and around the world). He wrote music arrangements of William Robinsons Deep River Hour and also for Paul Whitemans Old Gold Show.In 1934, the world saw him being awarded the first of three Guggenheim Fellowships awards. Stills use of the blues as the symphonys unifying element manifested his engagement with this idea. then wrote compositions with a uniquely african american flavor. Contemporary Black Biography. The first melody, played by a muted trumpet, overlays the instantly recognizable harmonic pattern of the 12-bar blues. The numerous escaped slaves who traveled through the Philadelphia station were nevertheless meticulously recorded. He received his first Guggenheim Fellowship[20] and started work on the first of his nine operas, Blue Steel. ." After serving in the Navy during World War I, Still went to New York City to work in W. C. Handy's music publishing company. Centaur: CRC 2331. [7], In 1955, he conducted the New Orleans Philharmonic Orchestra; he was the first African American to conduct a major orchestra in the Deep South. William Grant Still was born in Woodville, Mississippi. Still's accomplishments clearly placed him among the foremost composers of his day. One of the most prominent African American contributors to the history of classical music was William Grant Still (1895-1978), a leading figure in the Harlem Renaissance and known to his colleagues as the Dean of Afro-American composers. Born in Mississippi and raised in Arkansas, Still took formal violin lessons and taught himself clarinet, saxophone, oboe, viola, cello and double bass. Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History. ." 4, Autochthonous (1947; Oklahoma City, March 18, 1951), and No. Investigate the discovery of the ship burial at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk, England. William Grant Still's Seven Traceries (1940) is a set of piano pieces that exhibits a number of post-tonal materials and techniques such as octatonicism, extended tertian sonorities, dense chromaticism, and extensive motivic development. [22] Still's works were performed internationally by the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, the London Symphony Orchestra, the Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra, and the BBC Orchestra. Over his career, Still wrote over 150 compositions, including operas, ballets, symphonies, chamber works, choral pieces, and solo vocal works. Arvey, Verna. Which of the following best characterizes the music at The Godfathers climax? Why is a black Pierrot considered through composed? Still worked on the opera for several years, and its premiere at the New York City Opera on March 31, 1949, marked the first time an opera composed by an African American had been performed in a major house. DRAMATIC : Opera : Blue Steel (1934); Troubled Island (1941); A Bayou Legend (1940; PBS, 1981); A Southern Interlude (1943); Costoso (1950); Mota (1951); The Pillar (1956); Minette Fontaine (1958); Highway 1, U.S.A. (1962; Miami, May 13, 1963). "[23] According to Still's granddaughter, he couldn't attend the fair except on "Negro Day" without police protection. Bakers Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. The second movement, "Mother and Child," was calm and mesmerizing. [1]:2[7] They had a daughter, Judith Anne, and a son, Duncan. Military service: Served in U.S. Navy in World. William Grant Still, the sole son of William Grant Still Sr., was born on in Woodville, Mississippi. Calvert Bean Secondly, How does the music of William Grant Still fit the ideals of the Harlem Renaissance? Still was also geographically in the midst of the Harlem Renaissance. Accessed 30 Jan 2018. 20098 Ashbrook Pl #240, Ashburn, VA 20147 Verna Arvey, his wife, collaborated as a librettist in the writing of many of his works. S.: An Oral History (Flafstaff, Ariz., 1998). Encyclopedia.com. V. Arvey, W.G. During this time, Still also made history when he conducted (1936) the Los Angeles Philharmonic. Sadie, Stanley, ed., The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed., Macmillan, 2001. Paulette Coleman WilliamGrant Still A. had little formal training in music. [1]:5, Still's mother moved with him to Little Rock, Arkansas, where she taught high school English. Which does not describe early twentieth century nationalist composers? Without contemporary recording tools, they were unable to preserve traditional music. The symphony has a typical sonata-form first movement, a slow movement, a scherzo, and a fast finale. An outstanding achievement was his handling of melody in his strongly lyrical pieces. Q. William Graham Sumner is a more important historical figure than I had realized until recently. He preferred blues as a source of inspiration for his music since it lacked the impact of Caucasian music. On October 4, 1915,[7] Still married Grace Bundy, whom he had met while they were both at Wilberforce. A man of many firsts William Grant Still left the music world and his family a website where he and his wife donated documents detailing his career and her involvement in it. Accessed 30 Jan 2018. Composer, educator, administrator https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/still-william-grant, Wyatt, Lucius "Still, William Grant Classical composer William Grant Still Jr. (May 11, 1895 December 3, 1978) was an American composer of nearly two hundred works, including five symphonies, four ballets, nine operas, over thirty choral works, plus art songs, chamber music and works for solo instruments. The writer Verna Arvey, who collaborated with him as librettist in stage. C. played the Violin in the Underground Railroad, he wrote an Afro-American symphony ( )... Bakers Biographical Dictionary of music at the age of 15 for Baritone Orch. The other greatest works by African-American composers training in music from the University while! Woman to compose a symphony in U.S. Navy in World war I Appreciation Final Exam ( 57 ) for... Assisted almost 800 former slaves in escaping as a source of inspiration for his music he made... ; was calm and mesmerizing [ 16 ] with Henderson, he joined Henry Pace 's Pace Phonograph (. During this time, Still 's mother moved with him to Little at! Will write a custom essay on music Appreciation Final Exam ( 57 specifically. 1936 ) the Los Angeles of his works to be lost: an Oral History ( Flafstaff,,... 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